Inspire For Sleep Apnea Cause And Effect Essay Example For Students

Move For Sleep Apnea Cause And Effect Essay Causes, Health Affects, and Treatment of Sleep ApneaSleep Apnea is engaged with the respiratory and focal sensory systems. The respiratory framework permits an individual to take in oxygen and discharge carbon dioxide (Deepak 116). In the wake of entering the mouth or the nose, oxygen goes into the pharynx, the larynx, and afterward the trachea. The trachea parts into two branches which at that point split into littler cylinders called bronchioles. Hair-like projections called cilia spread the bronchioles and shield them from remote particles. From the bronchioles, air enters little air sacs called alveoli, every one of which is encircled by vessels containing the blood that assembles oxygen to be shipped all through the body and discharges carbon dioxide with the goal that it tends to be breathed out. Withdrawals of the stomach cause the lungs to be swelled and flattened. As per Janet Fricker, rest apnea is ?the intermittent decrease or discontinuance of breathing brought about by i mpermanent oropharyngeal breakdown during rest?; as it were, it happens when an individual actually quits breathing while snoozing (Fricker 122). There are two primary procedures that produce rest apnea. The main, known as focal rest apnea, includes the degree of mind movement during rest. The evening time disappointment of the piece of the mind that controls breathing, situated in the cerebrum stem, results in unmonitored oxygen Sumner 2levels during rest. At the point when oxygen levels become excessively low and carbon dioxide levels become excessively high, incitement gets sufficiently able to briefly stir the mind to carry out its responsibility. The mind triggers a grunting or sucking of air so as to reestablish the parity of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the body. The scenes repeat as the mind comes back to its rest state (Coren 147-48). The second type of rest apnea, known as obstructive rest apnea, is described by a serious unwinding of the tongue, throat, and pharynx.(Deepak 116). The serious unwinding of the tongue makes it spread the opening to the trachea, halting the progression of oxygen into the lungs. Following ten to ninety seconds of an apnea respiratory focuses alert the cerebrum of its oxygen-denied state, causing the rehashed rest/wake pattern of the victim (Fricker 122). Rest Apnea influences around 4 percent of moderately aged men and 2 percent of moderately aged ladies (Walling 851). Manifestations of rest apnea incorporate uproarious wheezing, heaving, and stifling. It messes breathing up that cause an individual to hack and wheeze upwards of a few hundred times each night (Pressman 65). Since a development of greasy tissues in the mouth will in general stream over the opening of the trachea, it is generally regular in moderately aged, overweight guys (Coren 148). Around 60% of victims are overweig ht. In any case, it isn't genuine poundage yet the thickness of the neck that influences relaxing. Men frequently create thicker throat tissues and assemble increasingly fat in their mid-region, neck, and shoulders than ladies. Men with a neck boundary of seventeen inches or more and ladies with that of sixteen inches or more are destined to have rest apnea, just as Sumner 3those with a twofold jawline or a ton of overabundance fat around the midsection. Rest apnea will intensify with age as throat tissues become looser and individuals gain weight.(Barone 81). Many side influences can happen because of rest apnea. Victims can stir to migraines, peevishness, trouble in recalling, and issues with focus (Barone 81). Increasingly major issues can happen, for example, languor in the daytime, oxygen shortage, and respiratory capture while attempting to inhale during rest. Since there is less oxygen heading off to the heart, it needs to work more enthusiastically; adrenaline is discharged and circulatory strain rises quickly. Rehashed eruptions of evening time circulatory strain may cause hypertension during the day, prompting expanded danger of coronary failure, stroke, and heart beat aggravations (Barone 82). Diagnosing rest apnea has gotten normal just as of late, since the turmoil was not authoritatively characterized until 1965. Wheezing, daytime exhaustion, and a limited ability to focus can be pieces of information for analysis. On the off chance that these manifestations persevere for a drawn out timeframe it might get important to be set under the consideration of a pneumonic expert, or an ear, nose, and throat specialist. Analysis is made conceivable by assessments of the nose, throat, and jaw. It is likewise useful for a victims mate to respond to inquiries regarding wheezing and rest propensities. The most ideal approach to make a precise determination and decide the seriousness of the turmoil is a polysomnography test, as a rule including a short-term remain in a rest center. There experts can screen blood oxygen levels, pulse, internal heat level, mind waves, and the occasions breathing stops. The rest apnea rate, or the quantity of apneatic scenes every hour of rest, decides the seriousness of the turmoil. Paces of fifteen or less show just mellow rest apnea, Sumner 4may not be considered clinically critical. Paces of fifteen to thirty shows moderate rest apnea, and paces of at least thirty aggravations for each hour demonstrate extreme rest apnea (Pressman 204). While successful for deciding treatment, polys omnography can cost roughly 2,000 dollars, however is normally secured by protection. A subsequent choice is a home checking gadget, costing about half as much as lab perceptions however not generally secured by protection (Barone 84). .u34290a02762787276ed9309f5e6c1d19 , .u34290a02762787276ed9309f5e6c1d19 .postImageUrl , .u34290a02762787276ed9309f5e6c1d19 .focused content zone { min-tallness: 80px; position: relative; } .u34290a02762787276ed9309f5e6c1d19 , .u34290a02762787276ed9309f5e6c1d19:hover , .u34290a02762787276ed9309f5e6c1d19:visited , .u34290a02762787276ed9309f5e6c1d19:active { border:0!important; } .u34290a02762787276ed9309f5e6c1d19 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u34290a02762787276ed9309f5e6c1d19 { show: square; progress: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-change: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; murkiness: 1; progress: mistiness 250ms; webkit-progress: obscurity 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u34290a02762787276ed9309f5e6c1d19:active , .u34290a02762787276ed9309f5e6c1d19:hover { haziness: 1; change: darkness 250ms; webkit-progress: mistiness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u34290a02762787276ed9309f5e6c1d19 .focused content territory { width: 100%; position: rel ative; } .u34290a02762787276ed9309f5e6c1d19 .ctaText { fringe base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: intense; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; text-enhancement: underline; } .u34290a02762787276ed9309f5e6c1d19 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; text style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u34290a02762787276ed9309f5e6c1d19 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; outskirt: none; outskirt span: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; textual style weight: striking; line-stature: 26px; moz-fringe sweep: 3px; text-adjust: focus; text-design: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-stature: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/straightforward arrow.png)no-rehash; position: outright; right: 0; top: 0; } .u34290a02762787276ed9309f5e6c1d19:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u34290a0276278727 6ed9309f5e6c1d19 .focused content { show: table; tallness: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u34290a02762787276ed9309f5e6c1d19-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u34290a02762787276ed9309f5e6c1d19:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: The Case for Microsoft EssayContinuous positive aviation routes pressure (CPAP) is the most ordinarily suggested treatment for rest apnea. It was first depicted in 1981 by University of Sydney, Australia scientist Colin Sullivan (Fricker 122). CPAP quits wheezing and permits the victim to inhale without colapsation of the throat (Stradling 201). It comprises of a wind stream generator, tubing, and a veil that goes over the nose. Air is provided at marginally above environmental weight, holding the aviation routes open (Fricker 122). Numerous patients see CPAP veils as awkward, yet without them would backslide into their pretreatme nt state inside just twenty-four hours (Stradling 201). Studies demonstrate decreases in daytime languor and general wellbeing enhancements because of CPAP, yet have not indicated upgrades in horribleness, mortality, or personal satisfaction (Walling 851). Alongside CPAP treatment, individual wellbeing measures can be taken so as to help decrease the indications and danger of rest apnea. Dr. Richard Millman of the Sleep Disorders Center at Rhode Island Hospital recommends maintaining a strategic distance from liquor and dozing pills close to sleep time since they moderate breathing , laying on one side while resting, and utilizing Sumner 5nasal strips while experiencing clog (Barone 84). Smoking is additionally a significant supporter of rest apnea since it can expand the throat tissues and compound the effectively low oxygen levels that go with it. Since being overweight is a main source of rest apnea just as numerous other medical issues, it is a smart thought to be as truly fit a s could reasonably be expected. Indeed, even a 10% weight reduction can influence the quantity of apneatic scenes that happen every night (Barone 84). In spite of the fact that CPAP is the most ordinarily suggested and used treatment of rest apnea, there are different choices. Oral gadgets like a retainer can be utilized to reposition the tongue and jaw. These are compelling in light of the fact that pushing the jaw ahead additionally pulls the tongue forward, diminishing obstacle of the trachea. Nonetheless, these gadgets can be costly and may not be secured by protection. Medical procedure is a final retreat alternative. Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty, or UPPP (UP3 ) broadens the aviation route by decreasing the size of the uvula, the delicate sense of taste, or both. UP3 has just a fifty percen

My Son, My Executioner

â€Å"My Son, My Executioner† In the Donald Hall poem,† My Son, My Executioner, â€Å"Hall delineated a dad who has developed old, holding their small kid in their arms. Lobby depicted solid symbolism of a protective figure quitting any pretense of everything to think about his small kid. The tone of the sonnet is both glad and dim. Hall’s subject demonstrated that once an individual has a youngster, the parent’s life is totally changed. â€Å"My Son, My Executioner† is a very elegantly composed sonnet with a profound, genuine implying that perusers could identify with. The symbolism assists Hall with delineating a dad thinking about their young child.Hall is first telling the peruser that the dad is with his kid. The kid is by all accounts exceptionally youthful in light of the fact that the dad takes the kid in his arms. â€Å"I take you in my arms/peaceful and little and simply astir. † This shows the dad cares very much about his kid. The dad could be taking out time from his day to impart this second to his youngster. The child, who is in his arms or lying on his lap, shares the father’s warmth. â€Å"And whom my body warms. † The dad communicates how he needs to provide up himself all together for the child to be cheerful and sound. â€Å"Your cries and appetites report/out in essence rot. Corridor is stating when the kid is eager then he should get took care of. Over the long haul, the dad gets more seasoned and the jobs of father and child are switched. The devotion must be there for the guardians to raise an upbeat and solid kid. The tone of this sonnet is a mix of joy and haziness. The sonnet can be believed to have a cheerful tone that Halls shows well. He expounds on the dad recognizing his youngster as his own. â€Å"My child. † Hall depicts glad pictures like a dad folding his arms over his small kid. â€Å"I take you in my arms. † The dad additionally makes it realized that hi s quality will live perpetually in his child.This implies the dad will consistently be with the youngster profoundly. Then again, this sonnet can be taken in a direful tone. Directly from the title, Hall tosses a grim inclination toward the peruser. â€Å"My child, my killer. † There are words that Hall utilizes in his sonnet that show a darker side. â€Å"And begin to kick the bucket together. † The peruser could decipher these lines as a type of wiped out importance. This sonnet could either be taken in a cheerful tone or a dim tone. The fundamental topic Hall is attempting to communicate is that once an individual has a youngster, their lives are changed forever.In the principal line, â€Å"My child, my executioner,† is stating that once a kid appears on the scene, it could be said the parent’s life is removed. However as dreary as that sounds, the parent’s life is made everlasting through their youngster until the end of time. The dad realizes his time is presently centered around his child. There is an inversion of jobs, as the youngster gets greater and more grounded, the dad gets more fragile and will bite the dust. â€Å"Sweet passing, little child, our instrument/of everlasting status. † Another issue was that the guardians had their youngster youthful. That day the kid was conceived, their lives were changed and it will never be the equivalent again. We twenty-five and twenty-two. taking everything into account, Donald Hall depicts a dad who has developed old, holding their little youngster in their arms. . The manner in which Hall utilized symbolism, demonstrated the peruser a caring figure that quits any pretense of everything to think about his child. The tone of the sonnet was significant in light of the fact that it let the peruser realize that the sonnet could be viewed as cheerful or dull. The topic demonstrated the perusers that once they have a kid, their lives are changed for eternity. â€Å"My Son , My Executioner† is a very elegantly composed sonnet with a profound, genuine implying that perusers, alongside guardians, could identify with.

Song Analysis Micheal Jackson- free essay sample

In 2009, we lost probably the best performer in music history, anyway his music despite everything lives on, rousing and contacting people’s heart. I have consistently been a fanatic of Michael Jackson, and the motivation behind why I picked this melody is on the grounds that it presents a solid message. In addition to the fact that Jackson made an incredible explanation with his verses, he additionally settled on one with his decision of cadence and beats. The guitars and drums that were utilized, give the melody an emotional stone vibe. As per music pundits Jackson’s collection Thriller appeared to be roused by â€Å"a blend of a few kinds which beforehand were never combined† ( thrilleralbum). It is quite evident what message Michael is attempting to bring over, the tune is about group viciousness and about creation the correct decisions. During the video shoot of the melody â€Å"Beat It†, Michael was met by Tom Joyner, and he expressed that â€Å"the topic of the tune is around two groups who are meeting up to thunder and Jackson’s objective was to spread the message that we choose not to retaliate, we don’t battle. We will compose a custom exposition test on Tune Analysis Micheal Jackson- or then again any comparable theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page This fundamentally implies in the event that we realize when something isn't right, we ought to overlook the reality and proceed onward as opposed to stumbling into difficulty. Tit for tat mindset would just motivation more issues, in this manner it is in every case better to simply â€Å"Beat It†. Michael rehashes the expression â€Å"Beat It† a few times in the ensemble of the melody. The chorale generally, communicates the goal of a melody and causes the audience to grasp what message the craftsman or individual who composed the tune is attempting to bring across (Riley). Casually, the expression beat it is characterized as â€Å" a discourteous method of advising somebody to go away†(thefreedictionairy). I accept the motivation behind why Jackson utilized the expression over and over is on the grounds that he needed accentuate that it is absolutely adequate to simply leave and maintain a strategic distance from a perilous circumstance. The primary refrain is a prologue to what is to follow. â€Å"They Told Him Don’t You Ever Come Around Here/Don’t Wanna See Your Face, You Better Disappear. † The individuals from the posse are giving a reasonable admonition , expressing that in the event that you don’t need to get in a difficult situation, you have to leave. The subsequent stanza discusses settling on the correct decision to simply leave as opposed to shedding blood, and attempting to be an intense person. The third stanza basically portrays that regardless of whether one decides to leave, it is smarter to be alive than to chance it. The fourth refrain as I would see it discusses the outcomes of battling and that in the event that one decides to be fierce, odds are that they will get injured. As referenced before the theme characterizes to simply leave in spite of the fact that â€Å"No One needs To Be Defeated. † It is smarter to go in light of the fact that at long last â€Å"It Doesn’t Matter Who isn't right Or Right. † Jackson utilizes amazing words and clarifies that it is in every case best to pay special mind to yourself as opposed to substantiating yourself to other people. It does not merit the battle (songfacts). As I was breaking down the melody, I was tuning in for explicit sounds and commotions that would represent the significance of the tune. I heard a police alarm which could represent that on the off chance that you engage with groups and savagery, you will wind up in prison. I likewise heard a snapping sound and profound breathing sounds. The breathing sounds could speak to the sound of somebody fleeing and getting a breath. I could identify seems as though somebody was getting punched and hints of sharp edges which could speak to a battle. While looking for changed implications of the melody I ran over a fascinating perception. An individual stated, as she was perusing the verses she could imagine a little villain and blessed messenger sitting on a youthful boy’s shoulders who was attempting to engage with a group. The Angel would let him know â€Å"They Are Out To Get You, Better Leave While You Can† and the Devil would react with â€Å"Don’t Wanna Be A Boy, You Wanna Be A Man†. The Devil and Angel situation could be utilized for the entirety of the Verses in the melody (nersa). Other than savagery and posse mindset, I could likewise observe that this melody could be about how Michael is battling to locate his own personality. During when the collection was made, Michael encountered the sentiment of pitiful and dejection and felt underestimated in the music Industry (thrilleralbum). In Joyner’s Interview, Jackson said â€Å"he is presently simply finding out about the estimation of fellowship, and becoming acquainted with people†. I think that its exceptionally odd that a multi year elderly person never experienced companionship ,in spite of the fact that for Jackson it was by all accounts ordinary since he experienced childhood with stage. Michael additionally uncovered that he had guides, since it was incomprehensible for him to go to state funded schools because of the way that he was celebrated. I decipher the main section (†¦Don’t Wanna See Your Face , You Better Disappear/The Fire’s In Their Eyes And The Words Are Really Clear ) as though the media is assaulting Michael Jackson, and spreading bits of gossip about him. He is attempting to settle the score with the media when he says â€Å"You Have To Show Them That You Really Not Scared/Showin’ How Funky Strong Is Your Fight. † Jackson protects himself and says that he is â€Å"Bad†, as in the best performer around. It's not possible for anyone to pass judgment on him, who certifies what’s off-base or right? Be that as it may, then again he doesn’t realize how to deal with all the pressure, and allegations made about him. Should he retaliate or simply continue moving in light of the fact that he is superior to them. In the web journals, many individuals likewise related this melody to a sexual setting. Djcu77, referenced in his post that the tune is about masturbation. I likewise read post that asserted that â€Å" Beat It† is about youngster attack (songmeaning). As I would see it, this was the beginning time of MJ and in the mid 80’s, when the tune was discharged MJ was not related with kid attack. Along these lines I feel that this case is wrong. By and large, I accept that the lesson of the melody is that brutality is never an answer for anything. Now and again it is smarter to simply leave a negative or savage circumstance and oversee sentiments that may propel somebody to cause a battle, rather than managing an issue by methods for being physical rough. Michael Jackson is known to be a harmony producer and he represents harmony, not war. At the point when he was talked with, he conceded that he never hit the boulevards, which fundamentally implies that Michael has never encountered any sort of pack related brutality (Joyner). All things considered, he needed to tell the world that it is alright to simply â€Å"Beat It†.

Causes Of The American Civil W Essay -- essays research papers

Sectional pressure expanded during the mid nineteenth century bringing America into a common war. There were a couple of significant elements that assisted with expanding strains in both the North and the South. A portion of these components were the Anti-Slavery development, Kansas-Nebraska Act, the Fugitive Slave Law, John Brown’s attack at Harpers Ferry, Uncle Tom’s Cabin, and the appointment of Abraham Lincoln into Presidency.      There were many occasions that caused pressures in the North. The abolitionist subjugation development enormously affected the north’s sentiments toward bondage. Authors like William Lloyd Garrison, Frederick Douglass, and Harriet Beecher Stowe composed on the subject of bondage and helped lead the development against it. In his paper, The Liberator, William Lloyd Garrison shared his desire for complete and quick nullification: "tell a mother to bit by bit remove her angel from the fire into which it has fallen - however encourage me not to utilize balance in a reason like the present."      The Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 maddened the North since it voided the Missouri Compromise that they consented to 34 years earlier. The Free States felt they were subverted. The Fugitive Slave Law filled the abolitionist bondage sentiments in the North. It was likely one of the most significant causes that purchased on war. The law said that if slaves escape from the North, northerners are answerable for aiding his catch and return. This carried numerous inquiries to peop...

Word of the Week! Atavism Richmond Writing

Word of the Week! Atavism Richmond Writing Here is a term that has been on my mind a lot, ever since some kids walking down the street, twenty years ago, spotted me and my manually powered reel mower. Look at that dude! Hes got one of them throwback lawnmowers! Thats a good working definition of an atavism. The etymology given by the OED, as you might guess, is the Latin atavus, either a great-grandfathers grandfather or more generally, an ancestor. For once, the OEDs entry appears really limited, providing no usage examples. It notes resemblance to an ancestor rather than to ones parents, or the recurrence of a disease common in distant family history, but not in ones recent ancestors. My favorite print dictionaries, old and new, provide little more.   So I will strike out into the atavistic thickets by myself. Ive seen our word, as noun and adjective, used both in science and elsewhere, to mean a throwback, something from an earlier time that has somehow erupted into the present. I write erupted because my sense of the term is not an historical or biological survival from an earlier epoch but something that emerges, like new. It calls the mind and eye back to an earlier time. Hence   Frank Norris description of the titular character in one of my favorite novels, McTeague: His head was square-cut, angular; the jaw salient, like that of the carnivora. Norris protagonist is a brute, a throwback to some imagined caveman past. Consider nonhuman examples: I do not mean a perfectly restored 1964 1/2 Ford Mustang but one sold as new, presumably a zero-mile example found improbably on the premises of a Ford factory. Better still, imagine the faces of shocked workers when such a car appeared magically on the assembly line. That dream of car collectors would be in keeping with the biological idea of atavism. My favorite pop-culture atavism appears at the top of this post. I have been waiting a long time to use the Mountain Dew Throwback logo for something. I drank the stuff in high school. Somehow I lost the taste, but my fondness for Hillbilly kitsch has remained strong. This blog will continue all summer, so nominate a word by e-mailing me (jessid -at- richmond -dot- edu) or leaving a comment below. See all of our Words of the Week  here.

Stasis and the Unexpected in “Closely Watched Trains” - Literature Essay Samples

Jiri Menzel’s 1966 film Closely Watched Trains, with its plot that follows a young slacker’s daily routine and its extremely languid pace, at first seems to cast a lazily nostalgic eye toward WWII-era Czechoslovakia. However, during pivotal moments in the narrative, the tone of the film entirely switches from placid comedy to melodrama. These unexpected tone switches reveal more about the world that the film’s characters inhabit, a world shaped by the absurdly unpredictable and inconsistent dangers of wartime. Two scenes in particular reflect the chaos that characterized the lives of Czechoslovakian civilians during the war: the air raid and the finale. These two scenes that, respectively, give the plot its first main conflict and its climax both feature juxtapositions of death and laughter during their most audio-visually intense moments. The ironic contrast of humor and pathos in these violent scenes might otherwise come across as farcical if the effect of this contrast was to significantly alter, rather than to suddenly deviate from the steady tone of the film. Instead, as isolated incidents, these scenes are rather jarring. They thus effectively serve to remind the viewer that the atmosphere of the German occupation was one of unforeseen tragedies that either would or wouldn’t eclipse day-to-day struggles, without predictability. These rapid thematic detours in Menzel’s otherwise languid film highlight the randomness of wartime violence, violence whose un-focused nature lead to either preserving (as in the collapsed house) or destroying (as on the ammunition train) lives without warning. The action of the film, or its lack thereof, is largely focused on the comic foibles of its protagonist, the young train dispatcher MiloÃ… ¡ Hrma. MiloÃ… ¡ is happy to stand idly by and move through the world without doing any actual work, which is reflected filmically in his opening narration (â€Å"my only goal is to uphold the family tradition and do nothing,† 4:17-21) and in the many static shots of him gawking at the camera, staring flatly at others’ pleasures and misfortunes (8:53-58, 28:38-40, 37:16-28, etc.). Despite his initial disinterest in doing anything active, let alone heroic, MiloÃ… ¡ ends up following a skewed version of archetypical hero’s journey, set off by his desire to prove himself as a man (1:14:46-52), and ending with his transformation into a martyr (1:30:53-56) after combating first his own shortcomings (1:21:46-1:22:13, 1:23:22-27) and then an external foe (1:30:43-55). MiloÃ… ¡Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ role as an understated hero complements his share d perspective with the rest of the cast to identify his character as a sort of Czech everyman. He is perhaps something like a modern update of Josef Ã…  vejk, a noted everyman character with whom he shares a proud tendency toward shirking work as a way of passively resisting an inhumane military, while still profiting from the honorable status granted by wearing the uniform (Hames). As an everyman, MiloÃ… ¡Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ is certainly a useful audience stand-in for showing how the Second World War affected regular Czechoslovakians. Nearly everyone in the film shares his proclivity for voyeurism: while this trait is mostly used for awkward and occasionally humorous depictions of the male gaze (13:11-18, 58:27-45), prying and people-watching is also noticeably undertaken with enthusiasm by women both young (40:55-41:05) and old (55:36-55:57). In the world of Menzel’s film, all the Czech people at the station are united by their interest in watching things from afar, so the character whose job is literally ‘watchman,’ can very clearly be defined as their representative figure. MiloÃ… ¡Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ stifled ability to take part in partisan activities can therefore be indicative of the way the majority of Czechoslovakian citizens approached the war. It was something to observe without interfering, since the Nazis had so effectively denied Czechoslovak resista nce movements, starting with a student massacre in Prague in 1939, and wiping them out entirely by 1942 with reprisals for Reichsprotektor Reinhard Heydrich’s assassination (Mastnà ½). When MiloÃ… ¡ does eventually interfere in the conflict, he does so from a remarkably static remove: after dropping (not throwing) a bomb onto an important German ammunitions train, he spends his last moments hiding on a gantry gazing at the train that is moving fast away from him (1:30:05, 1:30:25). His death by machine gun fire comes suddenly and unexpectedly, as the appearance of the gunner on-screen is preceded by a hypnotic movement of the train that lulls the audience into believing MiloÃ… ¡ could almost have actually pulled off this sabotage safely (1:30:25-40). The explosion is seen later by his girlfriend once the train has already traveled beyond the horizon (1:31:39-44). This course of action suggests that the only way an everyman like MiloÃ… ¡ might have effected resistance to Nazi power would have been with indirect actions and at great personal cost, which could neither be anticipated nor avoided. Such was the danger of living in an occupied country in the early 1940’s. Whether or not the Czech and Slovak peoples ever chose to interact with their occupiers, the war would inescapably come to them, in unpredictable and unseemly ways. The film shows this by drawing attention to the odd ways the train station’s idyll is unexpectedly and bizarrely disrupted by the war happening all around them. In the scene that has the greatest transformative effect on his character, MiloÃ… ¡ fails to consummate his love for Mà ¡Ã… ¡a, thus setting in motion his suicide attempt and his eventual heroism (43:20-44:36). He goes to sleep separately from her, and wakes up to find that the house they have both been sleeping in destroyed by aerial bombardment (44:36-45:53). The randomness of this sudden violence is communicated to the audience with one quick cut to the airplane mural in the house’s photo studio (44:54) and another to Mà ¡Ã… ¡a’s uncle sitting up in bed, laughing amidst the rubble, surprised that he is unharmed (45:38-45). Both shots suggest that the actions of the war come to the train station employees as a sort of uncanny coincidence. The vision of a cartoonish painted airplane accompanying the so unds of an air raid siren, aircraft engines, and bombs falling is a funny-scary juxtaposition that makes the whole attack seem rather dreamlike. The implication here is that for Czechoslovaks away from the front, the war was both real enough to destroy the infrastructure of the country, but unreal enough to leave them personally unscathed, since their towns were not the sites of battles or deportations. In a twist of black humor, it is the embarrassment of failed sex, rather than the imminent danger of explosives, that sends MiloÃ… ¡ toward death. This provides a thematic counterpoint to the ending scene, suggesting that individual worries could actually hold greater sway over a Czechoslovakian citizen’s destiny than the threat of bullets or bombs when the war’s effects were felt so intermittently in this part of Central Europe. The uncle’s laughter at his lucky situation, and the morbid slapstick his resting in rubble signifies, strengthens the absurdity of thi s premise, this idea that some portion of a country could be occasionally saved by circumstances from the killing occurring all around them. His laughter is echoed in the afore-mentioned train bombing scene, wherein MiloÃ… ¡Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ colleague HubiÄ ka laughs in response to the enemy train exploding, unaware of MiloÃ… ¡Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ death (1:31:48-54). Together, these sudden interjections of simultaneous mirth and disaster in a film whose humorous and tragic elements are otherwise dispensed at a much slower pace, shock the viewer into taking note of how the monotony of Czechoslovakian life could be both maintained and disrupted by the German occupation. If MiloÃ… ¡ is the Czech everyman of the WWII era, then the topsy-turvy conflations of humor and violence, death and sex he encounters reflect the cognitive dissonance felt collectively by the nation of Czechoslovakia during the sometimes safe, sometimes deadly wartime. Bibliography Hames, Peter.†¯The Czechoslovak New Wave. London and New York: Wallflower Press, 2005. Mastnà ½, VojtÄ›ch. The Czechs Under Nazi Rule: The Failure of National Resistance, 1939–1942. New York: Columbia University Press, 1971. OstÃ…â„¢e Sledovanà © Vlaky. Dir. Jiřà ­ Menzel. By Jiřà ­ Menzel and Bohumil Hrabal. Perf. Và ¡clav Neckà ¡Ã…â„¢. Czech State Films, 1966. Online Stream (http://www.dailymotion.com/video/xzrgmd_closely-watched-trains-1966-pt-1_creation).

Not Judge Others And I Should Forgive Essay - 727 Words

As a Christian, I have always been told that I should not judge others and I should forgive. As a Christian, one is also born in sin and that is why Jesus died on the cross. According to Luke 6:37-42, â€Å"Do not judge, and you will not be judged. Do not condemn, and you will not be condemned. Forgive, and you will be forgiven. Give, and it will be given to you. A good measure, pressed down, shaken together and running over, will be poured into your lap. For with the measure you use, it will be measured to you.† Basically, this scripture is reminding us to do unto others as you would like them to do unto you, and we should also respect each other’s lifestyles and decisions. For this reason, I believe that as a man, one should be able to live their life freely and one should not be punished or be feel oppressed because of their sexual orientation. We live in a diverse society that is comprised of different cultures, ethnicities, races, and religion. For that reason, one should not be forced to live by the Western ideology of femininity or masculinity. Oliver emphasizes that â€Å"if the predominant images and metaphors that circulate in Western political theory lead us to concretely understand our ourselves in these terms, then we are a social community with underdeveloped resources for representing and thereby negotiating love, cooperation, growth, and human flourishing† (Oliver 2004, 141). The Western ideology of masculinity molds and shapes in our men and society and causes ourShow MoreRelatedThe Characteristics Of Pride In Arthur Millers The Crucible1507 Words   |  7 Pagesinteract with each other and with certain events in the story. Pride isnt always a good characteristic to have and we see this as the trials continue even when most people realize that the whole idea is wrong and the people are innocent. In more ways than one, pride is on the other hand good in this play is shown by John when he is questioned by Danforth in Act 2 a bout Elizabeth’s character: â€Å"...such a woman that never lied, and cannot, and the world knows she cannot! I may falter somewhatRead MoreWhat Should You Do About Continuing To Do Business With1386 Words   |  6 PagesWhat should you do about continuing to do business with Marshall? Upon reception of the fax from Marshall, in this scenario, I would have hired a lawyer. Prior to any business dealings, there was an unwritten implied contract between Marshall and I. Our business relationship started on good faith and throughout the years, honest dealings were the norm. According to Ala. Code 1975, 26-1-1. Infants and Incompetents, states the age of majority is 19. I would encourage a new method of business dealingsRead MoreAnalysis Of The Sunflower By Simon Wiesenthal842 Words   |  4 Pagesexplicitly stated, or can a person be forgiven silently? When does someone have the right to forgive an individual? In the book The Sunflower by Simon Wiesenthal, the author, a Holocaust survivor, recounts an experience with an SS soldier, named Karl, on his deathbed asking Wiesenthal, a Jewish prisoner, for forgiveness for his inhumane actions, telling his tale with brutal detail. Wiesenthal neither forgives nor condemns the dying man, but instead leaves wordlessly. This ex perience has discomfortedRead MoreWhat The Crucible Can Teach Us About Life1173 Words   |  5 Pagesa cold house (137). Elizabeth realized that she should have acted more loving towards John, which would have added warmth to the house, when she had the chance. She also realized that she if she had not acted so cold toward John, he would not have committed adultery with Abigail Williams, her housemaid. Elizabeth Proctor also gained insight about John Proctor himself. During their last conversation together, John asks Elizabeth what he should do-confess and have his life, or die and have hisRead More The Relationship Between John Proctor and Elizabeth in Arthur Millers The Crucible1373 Words   |  6 Pageshint of suspicion aroused from Proctors recent affair with Abigail Williams. As the conversation carries on Elizabeth is very controlled with what she says. For example, Proctor says to her, Are you well today? and she replies, I am. It seems quite unnatural and forced. In the stage directions it says. He gets up, goes to her, kisses her. She receives it. To me it sounds that Elizabeth is just putting up with Proctor showing her any physical affection. She makesRead MoreTheme Of Forgiveness In William P. Youngs The Shack901 Words   |  4 Pagesnote in his mailbox telling him to meet in the Oregon wilderness. In The Shack by William P. Young, focuses on forgiveness when Will shows how the character forgives everything thing that has happened to him. How Mackenzie’s shifts in character when in the beginning when he is depressed because of his loss and at the end of the story he forgives and comes to terms with the loss. The author describes him meeting God by changing the environment from a cold winter day to a warm spring day in a way GodRead MoreThe Most Capricious Character : John Proctor1035 Words   |  5 Pagestheme of The Crucible. The Crucible is a play written by Arthur Miller in 1953 based on the Salem witch trials during the late 17th centuries. As the play gets closer to the end, some characters undergo dramatic changes, and some do not. In the play, Judge Dan forth remains stubborn and merciless; he indifferently sentenced nineteen innocent people to death by hanging, solely based on a group of girls’ false statements. He imprudently believed that testaments from children would always be true. 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Why doesn’t God prevent evil? In his article â€Å"Rebellion†, Ivan claims, â€Å" †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. I am a believer. But then there are the children, and what am I goingRead More Unjustness in The Crucible by Arthur Miller Essay example1413 Words   |  6 Pageswrongly accused of practicing witchcraft. In particular, John Procter, a well respected leader in the town of Salem, soon becomes entangled in the Salem witch trials, when his wife Elizabeth and many other women of the town are accused of witchcraft by Abigail Williams, his former mistress. Unlike other characters in the story, Procters personality can be seen gradually changing throughout the course of the play, because of the events that occur in his life at the time of the trials. In The Crucible

An Overview of the Motorcycles History

Like many inventions, the motorcycle  evolved in gradual stages, without a single inventor who can lay sole claim to being the inventor. Early versions of the motorcycle were introduced by numerous inventors, mostly in Europe,  in the 19th century. Steam-Powered Bicycles American Sylvester Howard Roper (1823-1896) invented a two-cylinder, steam-powered velocipede in 1867. A velocipede is an early form of a bicycle in which the pedals are attached to the front wheel. Ropers invention can be considered the first motorcycle if you allow your definition of a motorcycle to include a coal-fired steam engine. Roper, who also invented the steam-engine car, was killed in 1896 while riding his steam velocipede.   Around the same time that Roper introduced his steam-powered velocipede, Frenchman Ernest Michaux attached a steam engine to a velocipede invented by his father, blacksmith Pierre Michaux. His version was fired by alcohol and twin belt drives that powered the front wheel.   A few years later, in 1881, an inventor named Lucius Copeland of Phoenix, Arizona developed a smaller steam boiler that could drive the rear wheel of a bicycle at the amazing speed of 12 mph. In 1887, Copeland formed a manufacturing company  to produce the first so-called Moto-Cycle, though it was actually a three-wheeled contraption.   The First Gas-Engined Motorcycle Over the next 10 years, dozens of different designs for self-propelled bicycles appeared, but its widely acknowledged that the first to use a gasoline-powered internal combustion engine was the creation of German Gottlieb Daimler and his partner Wilhelm Maybach, who developed the Petroleum Reitwagon in 1885. This marked  the moment in history when the dual development of a viable gas-powered engine and the modern bicycle collided. Gottlieb Daimler used a new engine invented by engineer  Nicolaus Otto. Otto had invented the first Four-Stroke Internal-Combustion Engine in 1876, dubbing it the Otto Cycle Engine As soon as he completed his engine, Daimler (a former Otto employee) built it into a motorcycle. Oddly,  Daimlers Reitwagon did not have a maneuverable front wheel, but instead relied on a pair of outrigger wheels, similar to training wheels, to keep the bike upright during turns.   Daimler was a prodigious innovator and went on to experiment with gasoline motors for boats, and he also became a pioneer in the commercial car manufacturing arena. The company bearing his name eventually became Daimler Benz—the company  that evolved in the corporation we now know as Mercedes-Benz. Continued Development From the late 1880s onward, dozens of additional companies sprang up to produce self-propelled bicycles, first in Germany and Britain but quickly spreading to the U.S.   In 1894, the German company,  Hildebrand Wolfmà ¼ller, became the first to establish a production line factory to manufacture the vehicles, which now for the first time were called motorcycles.  In the U.S., the first production motorcycle was built by the factory of Charles Metz, in Waltham, Massachusetts.   The Harley Davidson Motorcycle No discussion of the history of motorcycles can end without some mention of the most famous U.S. manufacturer, Harley Davidson.   Many of the 19th-century inventors who worked on early motorcycles often moved on to other inventions. Daimler and Roper, for example, both went on to develop automobiles and other vehicles. However, some  inventors,  including William Harley and the Davidsons brothers, continued to exclusively develop motorcycles. Among their business competitors were other new start-up companies, such as Excelsior, Indian, Pierce, Merkel, Schickel, and Thor. In 1903, William Harley and his friends Arthur and Walter Davidson launched the Harley-Davidson Motor Company. The bike had a quality engine, so it could prove itself in races, even though the company initially planned to manufacture and market it as a transport vehicle. Merchant C. H. Lange  sold the first officially distributed Harley-Davidson in Chicago.

St. Paul s Cathedral - 1757 Words

London is a city that is steeped in rich history and has many cultural influences that have affected everything from the way that Londoners speak down to the architecture. One of the most influential buildings in this time is one that dominated the London skyline as a reference point for 300 years up until the 1960’s, and that is Wren’s St. Paul’s Cathedral. This building has been recorded to be in existence on its site as early as the 604, but it could have been around as early as the 400’s. St. Paul’s has endured many things throughout its time, but none as disastrous as the Great Fire in 1666. This event, which almost destroyed the whole town of London, but the entire church as well, created a design opportunity for the aspiring architect Christopher Wren. With a huge path of destruction carved out for the fire, the city was looking for an architect to help them restore their city, but with a new style. Wren was provided with the chance to do ove r 50 churches in London, which St. Paul’s is his most prominent and remembered design. It is his design that is what decorates the London skyline and extends up 365 feet into the sky, and is one of the greatest examples of acoustics inside of a building. This essays goal is to explore the effect of the Great Fire in the design of this buildings current look, as well as explore the various designs of the domes and the interesting phenomenon which is the Whispering Gallery. St. Paul’s Cathedral is an extremely old cathedral whichShow MoreRelatedSt. Paul s Cathedral1104 Words   |  5 PagesSt. Paul’s Cathedral is an English Baroque styled cathedral dedicated to Paul of Apostle and the second cathedral to be built on the same site, first being Old St. Paul’s Cathedral which was also dedicated to Paul of Apostle. It is located in the City of London, England. The Fourth St. Paul’s, more commonly known as Old St. Paul’s Cathedral, was built by the Normans in 1087. The Normans, who in recent times had just conquered Britain, and were determined to build the largest Christian church inRead MoreTaking a Look at Saint Patricks Cathedral885 Words   |  4 PagesSaint Patricks Cathedral, one of New Yorks greatest cathedrals, is located in Manhattan at 14 E. 51st St. The main reason the cathedral was built was to affirm the ascendance of religious freedom and tolerance. Thousands of poor immigrants and one hundred three prominent citizens helped pay contributions toward the church. The prominent citizens paid approximately one thousand dollars each.This cathedral supports the idea that not one single generation builds a cathedral, but rather the past, presentRead MoreSt. Pauls Cathedral: Sir Christopher Wren Essay1802 Words   |  8 PagesSt. Pauls Cathedral St. Pauls Cathedral has had a very interesting and long history. 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Recent Customer Service Issues Within Cricket - 1179 Words

To: amringill@Cricketequip.com.au; jgrewal@Cricketequip.com.au; amber@Cricketequip.com.au From: jassu009@Cricketequip.com.au; Subject: Recent customer service issues within Cricket Equip Date: 18/05/2016 Meeting topics to be discussed: 1. Meeting introduction and welcome. 8Am – 8:10am 2. Current customer service issues within Cricket Equip. 8:10am – 8:50am 3. Cricket Equip’s customer service standards and requirements. 8:50Am – 9:30am 4. Recommendations for customer service improvement. 9:30am – 9:55am 5. Staff feedback on how customer service can be improved. 10Am – 10:20am 6. Staff training needs of customer service. 10:20am – 11:15am 7. Meeting conclusion and summary. 11:15am - 12am Part B Meeting purposes: To solve customer service†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¢ Clarify ambiguity: Things are so much less demanding when they are dark or white, when there is a right reply to each inquiry or issue we confront. Shockingly in this present reality of purchasing and offering, there are no right replies, there is no unmistakable direction–either for us in offering or for our clients, A standout amongst the most vital aptitudes of high performing sales representatives is the capacity to manage ambiguity both by the way they work and in drawing in clients, encouraging their purchasing procedure. †¢ Understand requirement: A business can t make do without leading progressing endeavors to better comprehend client needs. To find if your item or administration is having a beneficial outcome and making client dependability, require significant investment to determine your client s passionate and material needs, and then offer important motivators for staying faithful to your organization. Obtaining client input doesn t need to be costly; from making straightforward email overviews to taking an additional moment to connect with on the business floor, you can take in a great deal about what clients need just by asking and tuning in. Additionally to take in more, you could even approach them for a tad bit of time just to round out a poll †¢ Using communication techniques appropriate to different social and cultural groups: The business environment of the 21st century is expanding to include people from cultures and

Forward the Foundation Chapter 24 Free Essays

8 Like any intellectual, Hari Seldon had made use of the Galactic Library freely. For the most part, it had been done long-distance through computer, but occasionally he had visited it, more to get away from the pressures of the Psychohistory Project than for any other purpose. And, for the past couple of years, since he had first formulated his plan to find others like Wanda, he had kept a private office there, so he could have ready access to any of the Library’s vast collection of data. We will write a custom essay sample on Forward the Foundation Chapter 24 or any similar topic only for you Order Now He had even rented a small apartment in an adjacent sector under the dome so that he would be able to walk to the Library when his ever-increasing research there prevented him from returning to the Streeling Sector. Now, however, his plan had taken on new dimensions and he wanted to meet Las Zenow. It was the first time he had ever met him face-to-face. It was not easy to arrange a personal interview with the Chief Librarian of the Galactic Library. His own perception of the nature and value of his office was high and it was frequently said that when the Emperor wished to consult the Chief Librarian, even he had to visit the Library himself and wait his turn. Seldon however, had no trouble. Zenow knew him well, though he had never seen Hari Seldon in person. â€Å"An honor, First Minister,† he said in greeting. Seldon smiled. â€Å"I trust you know that I have not held that post in sixteen years.† â€Å"The honor of the title is still yours. Besides, sir, you were also instrumental in ridding us of the brutal rule of the junta. The junta, on a number of occasions, violated the sacred rule of the neutrality of the Library.† (Ah, thought Seldon that accounts for the readiness with which he saw me.) â€Å"Merely rumor,† he said aloud. â€Å"And now, tell me,† said Zenow, who could not resist a quick look at the time band on his wrist, â€Å"what can I do for you?† â€Å"Chief Librarian,† began Seldon â€Å"I have not come to ask anything easy of you. What I want is more space at the Library. I want permission to bring in a number of my associates. I want permission to undertake a long and elaborate program of the greatest importance.† Las Zenow’s face drew into an expression of distress. â€Å"You ask a great deal. Can you explain the importance of all this?† â€Å"Yes. The Empire is in the process of disintegration.† There was a long pause. Then Zenow said, â€Å"I have heard of your research into psychohistory. I have been told that your new science bears the promise of predicting the future. Is it psychohistorical predictions of which you are speaking?† â€Å"No. I have not yet reached the point in psychohistory where I can speak of the future with certainty. But you don’t need psychohistory to know that the Empire is disintegrating. You can see the evidence yourself.† Zenow sighed. â€Å"My work here consumes me utterly, Professor Seldon. I am a child when it comes to political and social matters.† â€Å"You may, if you wish, consult the information contained in the Library. Why look around this very office-it is chock-full of every conceivable sort of information from throughout the entire Galactic Empire.† â€Å"I’m the last to keep up with it all, I’m afraid,† Zenow said, smiling sadly. â€Å"You know the old proverb: The shoemaker’s child has no shoes. It seems to me, though, that the Empire is restored. We have an Emperor again.† â€Å"In name only, Chief Librarian. In most of the outlying provinces, the Emperor’s name is mentioned ritualistically now and then, but he plays no role in what they do. The Outer Worlds control their own programs and, more important, they control the local armed forces, which are outside the grip of the Emperor’s authority. If the Emperor were to try to exert his authority anywhere outside the Inner Worlds, he would fail. I doubt that it will take more than twenty years, at the outside, before some of the Outer Worlds declare their independence.† Zenow sighed again. â€Å"If you are right, we live in worse times than the Empire has ever seen. But what has this to do with your desire for more office space and additional staff here in the Library?† â€Å"If the Empire falls apart, the Galactic Library may not escape the general carnage.† â€Å"Oh, but it must,† said Zenow earnestly. â€Å"There have been bad times before and it has always been understood that the Galactic Library on Trantor, as the repository of all human knowledge, must remain inviolate. And so it will be in the future.† â€Å"It may not be. You said yourself that the junta violated its neutrality.† â€Å"Not seriously.† â€Å"It might be more serious next time and we can’t allow this repository of all human knowledge to be damaged.† â€Å"How will your increased presence here prevent that?† â€Å"It won’t. But the project I am interested in will. I want to create a great Encyclopedia, containing within it all the knowledge humanity will need to rebuild itself in case the worst happens-an Encyclopedia Galactica, if you will. We don’t need everything the Library has. Much of it is trivial. The provincial libraries scattered over the Galaxy may themselves be destroyed and, if not, all but the most local data is obtained by computerized connection with the Galactic Library in any case. What I intend, then, is something that is entirely independent and that contains, in as concise a form as possible, the essential information humanity needs.† â€Å"And if it, too, is destroyed?† â€Å"I hope it will not be. It is my intention to find a world far away on the outskirts of the Galaxy, one where I can transfer my Encyclopedists and where they can work in peace. Until such a place is found, however, I want the nucleus of the group to work here and to use the Library facilities to decide what will be needed for the project.† Zenow grimaced. â€Å"I see your point, Professor Seldon, but I’m not sure that it can be done.† â€Å"Why not, Chief Librarian?† â€Å"Because being Chief Librarian does not make me an absolute monarch. I have a rather large Board-a kind of legislature-and please don’t think that I can just push your Encyclopedia Project through.† â€Å"I’m astonished.† â€Å"Don’t be. I am not a popular Chief Librarian. The Board has been fighting, for some years now, for limited access to the Library. I have resisted. It galls them that I have afforded you your small office space.† â€Å"Limited access?† â€Å"Exactly. The idea is that if anyone needs information, he or she must communicate with a Librarian and the Librarian will get the information for the person. The Board does not wish people to enter the Library freely and deal with the computers themselves. They say that the expense required to keep the computers and other Library equipment in shape is becoming prohibitive.† â€Å"But that’s impossible. There’s a millennial tradition of an open Galactic Library.† â€Å"So there is, but in recent years, appropriations to the Library have been cut several times and we simply don’t have the funds we used to have. It is becoming very difficult to keep our equipment up to the mark.† Seldon rubbed his chin. â€Å"But if your appropriations are going down, I imagine you have to cut salaries and fire people-or, at least, not hire new ones.† â€Å"You are exactly right.† â€Å"In which case, how will you manage to place new labors on a shrinking work force by asking your people to obtain all the information that the public will request?† â€Å"The idea is that we won’t find all the information that the public will request but only those pieces of information that we consider important.† â€Å"So that not only will you abandon the open Library but also the complete Library?† â€Å"I’m afraid so.† â€Å"I can’t believe that any Librarian would want this.† â€Å"You don’t know Gennaro Mummery, Professor Seldon.† At Seldon’s blank look, Zenow continued. † ‘Who is he?’ you wonder. The leader of that portion of the Board that wishes to close off the Library. More and more of the Board are on his side. If I let you and your colleagues into the Library as an independent force, a number of Board members who may not be on Mummery’s side but who are dead set against any control of any part of the Library except by Librarians may decide to vote with him. And in that case, I will be forced to resign as Chief Librarian.† â€Å"See here,† said Seldon with sudden energy. â€Å"All this business of possibly closing down the Library, of making it less accessible, of refusing all information-all this business of declining appropriations-all this is itself a sign of Imperial disintegration. Don’t you agree?† â€Å"If you put it that way, you may be right.† â€Å"Then let me talk to the Board. Let me explain what the future may hold and what I wish to do. Perhaps I can persuade them, as I hope I’ve persuaded you.† Zenow thought for a moment. â€Å"I’m willing to let you try, but you must know in advance that your plan may not work.† â€Å"I’ve got to take that chance. Please do whatever has to be done and let me know when and where I can meet the Board.† Seldon left Zenow in a mood of unease. Everything he had told the Chief Librarian was true-and trivial. The real reason he needed the use of the Library remained hidden. Partly this was because he didn’t yet see that use clearly himself. 9 Hari Seldon sat at Yugo Amaryl’s bedside-patiently, sadly. Yugo was utterly spent. He was beyond medical help, even if he would have consented to avail himself of such help, which he refused. He was only fifty-five. Seldon was himself sixty-six and yet he was in fine shape, except for the twinge of sciatica-or whatever it was-that occasionally lamed him. Amaryl’s eyes opened. â€Å"You’re still here, Hari?† Seldon nodded. â€Å"I won’t leave you.† â€Å"Till I die?† â€Å"Yes.† Then, in an outburst of grief, he said, â€Å"Why have you done this, Yugo? If you had lived sensibly, you could have had twenty to thirty more years of life.† Amaryl smiled faintly. â€Å"Live sensibly? You mean, take time off? Go to resorts? Amuse myself with trifles?† â€Å"Yes. Yes.† â€Å"And I would either have longed to return to my work or I would have learned to like wasting my time and, in the additional twenty to thirty years you speak of, I would have accomplished no more. Look at you.† â€Å"What about me?† â€Å"For ten years you were First Minister under Cleon. How much science did you do then?† â€Å"I spent about a quarter of my time on psychohistory,† said Seldon gently. â€Å"You exaggerate. If it hadn’t been for me, plugging away, psychohistorical advance would have screeched to a halt.† Seldon nodded. â€Å"You are right, Yugo. For that I am grateful.† â€Å"And before and since, when you spend at least half your time on administrative duties, who does-did-the real work? Eh?† â€Å"You, Yugo.† â€Å"Absolutely.† His eyes closed again. Seldon said, â€Å"Yet you always wanted to take over those administrative duties if you survived me.† â€Å"No! I wanted to head the Project to keep it moving in the direction it had to move in, but I would have delegated all administration.† Amaryl’s breathing was growing stertorous, but then he stirred and his eyes opened, staring directly at Hari. He said, â€Å"What will happen to psychohistory when I’m gone? Have you thought of that?† â€Å"Yes, I have. And I want to speak to you about it. It may please you. Yugo, I believe that psychohistory is being revolutionized.† Amaryl frowned slightly. â€Å"In what way? I don’t like the sound of that.† â€Å"Listen. It was your idea. Years ago, you told me that two Foundations should be established. Separate-isolated and safe-and arranged so that they would serve as nuclei for an eventual Second Galactic Empire. Do you remember? That was your idea.† â€Å"The psychohistoric equation -â€Å" â€Å"I know. They suggested it. I’m busy working on it now, Yugo. I’ve managed to wangle an office in the Galactic Library-â€Å" â€Å"The Galactic Library.† Amaryl’s frown deepened. â€Å"I don’t like them. A bunch of self-satisfied idiots.† â€Å"The Chief Librarian, Las Zenow, is not so bad, Yugo.† â€Å"Did you ever meet a Librarian named Mummery, Gennaro Mummery?† â€Å"No, but I’ve heard of him.† â€Å"A miserable human being. We had an argument once when he claimed I had misplaced something or other. I had done no such thing and I grew very annoyed, Hari. All of a sudden I was back in Dahl. One thing about the Dahlite culture, Hari, it is a cesspool of invective. I used some of it on him and I told him he was interfering with psychohistory and he would go down in history as a villain. I didn’t just say ‘villain,’ either.† Amaryl chuckled faintly. â€Å"I left him speechless.† Suddenly Seldon could see where Mummery’s animosity toward outsiders and, most probably, psychohistory must come from-at least, in part-but he said nothing. â€Å"The point is, Yugo, you wanted two Foundations, so that if one failed, the other would continue. But we’ve gone beyond that.† â€Å"In what way?† â€Å"Do you remember that Wanda was able to read your mind two years ago and see that something was wrong with a portion of the equations in the Prime Radiant?† â€Å"Yes, of course.† â€Å"Well, we will find others like Wanda. We will have one Foundation that will consist largely of physical scientists, who will preserve the knowledge of humanity and serve as the nucleus for the Second Empire. And there will be a Second Foundation of psychohistorians only-mentalists, mind-touching psychohistorians-who will be able to work on psychohistory in a multiminded way, advancing it far more quickly than individual thinkers ever could. They will serve as a group who will introduce fine adjustments as time goes on, you see. Ever in the background, watching. They will be the Empire’s guardians.† â€Å"Wonderful!† said Amaryl weakly. â€Å"Wonderful! You see how I’ve chosen the right time to die? There’s nothing left for me to do.† â€Å"Don’t say that, Yugo.† â€Å"Don’t make such a fuss over it, Hari. I’m too tired to do anything. Thank you-thank you-for telling me†-his voice was weakening-â€Å"about the revolution. It makes me-happy-happy-hap-â€Å" And those were Yugo Amaryl’s last words. Seldon bent over the bed. Tears stung his eyes and rolled down his cheeks. Another old friend gone. Demerzel, Cleon, Dors, now Yugo†¦ leaving him emptier and lonelier as he grew old. And the revolution that had allowed Amaryl to die happy might never come to pass. Could he manage to make use of the Galactic Library? Could he find more people like Wanda? Most of all, how long would it take? Seldon was sixty-six. If only he could have started this revolution at thirty-two when he first came to Trantor†¦ Now it might be too late. 10 Gennaro Mummery was making him wait. It was a studied discourtesy, even insolence, but Hari Seldon remained calm. After all, Seldon needed Mummery badly and for him to become angry with the Librarian would only hurt himself. Mummery would, in fact, be delighted with an angry Seldon. So Seldon kept his temper and waited and eventually Mummery did walk in. Seldon had seen him before-but only at a distance. This was the first time they would be together alone. Mummery was short and plump, with a round face and a dark little beard. He wore a smile on his face, but Seldon suspected that smile of being a meaningless fixture. It revealed yellowish teeth and Mummery’s inevitable hat was of a similar shade of yellow with a brown line snaking around it. Seldon felt a touch of nausea. It seemed to him that he would dislike Mummery, even if he had no reason to do so. Mummery said, without any preliminaries, â€Å"Well, Professor, what can I do for you?† He looked at the time-strip on the wall but made no apology for being late. Seldon said, â€Å"I would like to ask you, sir, to put an end to your opposition to my remaining here at the Library.† Mummery spread his hands. â€Å"You’ve been here for two years. What opposition are you speaking of?† â€Å"So far, that portion of the Board represented by you and those who believe as you do have been unable to outvote the Chief Librarian, but there will be another meeting next month and Las Zenow tells me he is uncertain of the result.† Mummery shrugged. â€Å"So am I uncertain. Your lease-if we can call it that-may well be renewed.† â€Å"But I need more than that, Librarian Mummery. I wish to bring in some colleagues. The project in which I am engaged-the establishment of what is needed in the way of the eventual preparation of a very special Encyclopedia-is not one I can do alone.† â€Å"Surely your colleagues can work wherever they please. Trantor is a large world.† â€Å"We must work in the Library. I am an old man, sir, and I am in a hurry.† â€Å"Who can stay the advance of time? I don’t think the Board will allow you to bring in colleagues. The thin edge of the wedge, Professor?† (Yes, indeed, thought Seldon, but he said nothing.) Mummery said, â€Å"I have not been able to keep you out, Professor. Not so far. But I think I can continue to keep out your colleagues.† Seldon realized that he was getting nowhere. He opened the touch of frankness a notch. He said, â€Å"Librarian Mummery, surely your animosity toward me is not personal. Surely you understand the importance of the work I am doing.† â€Å"You mean, your psychohistory. Come, you have been working on it for over thirty years. What has come of it?† â€Å"That’s the point. Something may come of it now.† â€Å"Then let something come of it at Streeling University. Why must it be at the Galactic Library?† â€Å"Librarian Mummery. Listen to me. What you want is to close the Library to the public. You wish to smash a long tradition. Have you the heart to do that?† â€Å"It’s not heart we need. It’s funding. Surely the Chief Librarian has wept on your shoulder in telling you our woes. Appropriations are down, salaries are cut, needed maintenance is absent. What are we to do? We’ve got to cut services and we certainly can’t afford to support you and your colleagues with offices and equipment.† â€Å"Has this situation been put to the Emperor?† â€Å"Come, Professor, you’re dreaming. Isn’t it true that your psychohistory tells you that the Empire is deteriorating? I’ve heard you referred to as Raven Seldon, something that, I believe, refers to a fabled bird of ill omen.† â€Å"It’s true that we are entering bad times.† â€Å"And do you believe the Library is immune to those bad times? Professor, the Library is my life and I want it to continue, but it won’t continue unless we can find ways of making our dwindling appropriations do. And you come here expecting an open Library, with yourself as beneficiary. It won’t do, Professor. It just won’t do.† Seldon said desperately, â€Å"What if I find the credits for you?† â€Å"Indeed. How?† â€Å"What if I talk to the Emperor? I was once First Minister. He’ll see me and he’ll listen to me.† â€Å"And you’ll get funding from him?† Mummery laughed. â€Å"If I do, if I increase your appropriations, may I bring in my colleagues?† â€Å"Bring in the credits first,† said Mummery, â€Å"and we’ll see. But I don’t think you will succeed.† He seemed very sure of himself and Seldon wondered how often and how uselessly the Galactic Library had already appealed to the Emperor. And whether his own appeal would get anywhere at all. 11 The Emperor Agis XIV had no real right to the name. He had adopted it upon succeeding to the throne with the deliberate purpose of connecting himself with the Agises who had ruled two thousand years ago, most of them quite ably-particularly Agis VI, who had ruled for forty-two years and who had kept order in a prosperous Empire with a firm but nontyrannical hand. Agis XIV did not look like any of the old Agises-if the holographic records had any value. But, then again, truth be told, Agis XIV did not look much like the official holograph that was distributed to the public. As a matter of fact, Hari Seldon thought, with a twinge of nostalgia, that Emperor Cleon, for all his flaws and weaknesses, had certainly looked Imperial. Agis XIV did not. Seldon had never seen him at close quarters and the few holographs he had seen were outrageously inaccurate. The Imperial holographer knew his job and did it well, thought Seldon wryly. Agis XIV was short, with an unattractive face and slightly bulging eyes that did not seem alight with intelligence. His only qualification for the throne was that he was a collateral relative of Cleon. To do him credit, however, he did not try to play the role of the mighty Emperor. It was understood that he rather liked to be called the â€Å"Citizen Emperor† and that only Imperial protocol and the outraged outcry of the Imperial Guard prevented him from exiting the dome and wandering the walkways of Trantor. Apparently, the story went, he wished to shake hands with the citizens and hear their complaints in person. (Score one for him, thought Seldon, even if it could never come to pass.) With a murmur and a bow, Seldon said, â€Å"I thank you, Sire, for consenting to see me.† Agis XIV had a clear and rather attractive voice, quite out of keeping with his appearance. He said, â€Å"An ex-First Minister must surely have his privileges, although I must give myself credit for amazing courage in agreeing to see you.† There was humor in his words and Seldon found himself suddenly realizing that a man might not look intelligent and yet might be intelligent just the same. â€Å"Courage, Sire?† â€Å"Why, of course. Don’t they call you Raven Seldon?† â€Å"I heard the expression, Sire, the other day for the first time.† â€Å"Apparently the reference is to your psychohistory, which seems to predict the Fall of the Empire.† â€Å"It points out the possibility only, Sire-â€Å" â€Å"So that you are coupled with a mythic bird of ill omen. Except that I think you yourself are the bird of ill omen.† â€Å"I hope not, Sire.† â€Å"Come, come. The record is clear. Eto Demerzel, Cleon’s old First Minister, was impressed with your work and look what happened-he was forced out of his position and into exile. The Emperor Cleon himself was impressed with your work and look what happened-he was assassinated. The military junta was impressed with your work and look what happened-they were swept away. Even the Joranumites, it is said, were impressed with your work and, behold, they were destroyed. And now, O Raven Seldon, you come to see me. What may I expect?† â€Å"Why, nothing evil, Sire.† â€Å"I imagine not, because unlike all these others I have mentioned, I am not impressed with your work. Now tell me why you are here.† He listened carefully and without interruption while Seldon explained the importance of setting up a Project designed to prepare an encyclopedia that would preserve human learning if the worst happened. â€Å"Yes yes,† said Agis XIV finally, â€Å"so you are, indeed, convinced the Empire will fall.† â€Å"It is a strong possibility, Sire, and it would not be prudent to refuse to take that possibility into account. In a way, I wish to prevent it if I can-or ameliorate the effects if I can’t.† â€Å"Raven Seldon if you continue to poke your nose into matters, I am convinced that the Empire will fall and that nothing can help it.† â€Å"Not so, Sire. I ask only permission to work.† â€Å"Oh, you have that, but I fail to see what it is you wish of me. Why have you told me all this about an encyclopedia?† â€Å"Because I wish to work in the Galactic Library, Sire, or, more accurately, I wish others to work there with me.† â€Å"I assure you that I won’t stand in your way.† â€Å"That is not enough, Sire. I want you to help.† â€Å"In what way, ex-First Minister?† â€Å"With funding. The Library must have appropriations or it will close its doors to the public and evict me.† â€Å"Credits!'† A note of astonishment came into the Emperor’s voice. â€Å"You came to me for credits?† â€Å"Yes, Sire.† Agis XIV stood up in some agitation. Seldon stood up at once also, but Agis waved him down. â€Å"Sit down. Don’t treat me as an Emperor. I’m not an Emperor. I didn’t want this job, but they made me take it. I was the nearest thing to the Imperial family and they jabbered at me that the Empire needed an Emperor. So they have me and a lot of good I am to them. â€Å"Credits! You expect me to have credits! You talk about the Empire disintegrating. How do you suppose it disintegrates? Are you thinking of rebellion? Of civil war? Of disorders here and there? â€Å"No. Think of credits. Do you realize that I cannot collect any taxes at all from half the provinces in the Empire? They’re still part of the Empire-‘Hail the Imperium!’-‘All honor to the Emperor’-but they don’t pay anything and I don’t have the necessary force to collect it. And if I can’t get the credits out of them, they are not really part of the Empire, are they? â€Å"Credits! The Empire runs a chronic deficit of appalling proportions. There’s nothing I can pay for. Do you think there is enough funding to maintain the Imperial Palace grounds? Just barely. I must cut corners. I must let the Palace decay. I must let the number of retainers die down by attrition. â€Å"Professor Seldon. If you want credits, I have nothing. Where will I find appropriations for the Library? They should be grateful I manage to squeeze out something for them each year at all.† As he finished, the Emperor held out his hands, palms up, as if to signify the emptiness of the Imperial coffers. Hari Seldon was stunned. He said, â€Å"Nevertheless, Sire, even if you lack the credits, you still have the Imperial prestige. Can you not order the Library to allow me to keep my office and let my colleagues in to help me with our vital work?† And now Agis XIV sat down again as though, once the subject was not credits, he was no longer in a state of agitation. He said, â€Å"You realize that, by long tradition, the Galactic Library is independent of the Imperium, as far as its self-government is concerned. It sets up its rules and has done so since Agis VI, my namesake†-he smiled-â€Å"attempted to control the news functions of the Library. He failed and, if the great Agis VI failed, do you think I can succeed?† â€Å"I’m not asking you to use force, Sire. Merely expressing a polite wish. Surely, when no vital function of the Library is involved, they will be pleased to honor the Emperor and oblige his wishes.† â€Å"Professor Seldon, how little you know of the Library. I have but to express a wish, however gently and tentatively, to make it certain that they will proceed, in dudgeon, to do the opposite. They are very sensitive to the slightest sign of Imperial control.† Seldon said, â€Å"Then what do I do?† â€Å"Why, I’ll tell you what. A thought occurs to me. I am a member of the public and I can visit the Galactic Library if I wish. It is located on the Palace grounds, so I won’t be violating protocol if I visit it. Well, you come with me and we shall be ostentatiously friendly. I will not ask them for anything, but if they note us walking arm-in-arm, then perhaps some of the precious Board of theirs may feel more kindly toward you than otherwise. But that’s all I can do.† And the deeply disappointed Seldon wondered if that could possibly be enough. How to cite Forward the Foundation Chapter 24, Essay examples

John Legend and the Roots Wake Up! free essay sample

I am not a big fan of RB. Dont get me wrong, lots of the singers are excellent. I just dislike that so many of the singles are about sex. I feel that Rhythm and Blues can be so much more. Thats why Im a huge fan of John Legend as well as The Roots. â€Å"Wake Up!† inspired by the 2008 presidential election, is a collection of cover songs performed by John Legend and The Roots. Originally written during the ?s or ?s, the songs feature updated elements of gospel, reggae, and hip-hop. Due to their age, some may not immediately appeal to you. For me, â€Å"Humanity (Love the Way It Should Be)† and â€Å"Wholy Holy† were not my taste. But after listening a few times, they began to grow on me to the point that I sang along. What I particularly liked about â€Å"Wake Up† was how the different styles mixed together. We will write a custom essay sample on John Legend and the Roots: Wake Up! or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page â€Å"Hard Times† is a gritty, fast-paced song symbolized by the lyrics â€Å"Cold, cold eyes upon me they stare/ People all around me and theyre all in fear/ They dont seem to want me but they wont admit/ I must be some kind of creature up here having fits.† â€Å"Little Ghetto Boy† is the kind of song that makes you stop and listen, losing yourself in the lyrics soulfully delivered by The Roots lead MC, Black Thought, and John Legend. My favorite by far is â€Å"I Cant Write Left-Handed.† It starts with John Legend providing some background information. Originally performed by Bill Withers, the singer takes on the role of a Vietnam soldier. He laments his place in the war, a war he has no influence over. This new version has the soulful, heart-wrenching feel of the original, but adds Legends signature voice and The Roots excellent instrumentals. Having John Legend and The Roots on one album is a treat. They show listeners what RB can and should be: a genre that touches your heart not only with music about passionate love, but also music that makes you understand the artists feelings about life in general.

Chebyshev’s Theorem and the Empirical Rule free essay sample

A bell curve is perfectly symmetrical with respect to a vertical line through its peak and is sometimes called a Gauss curve or a normal curve. The second shape a scatter diagram may have is anything but a normal curve as in the next drawing: We can do a lot of good statistics with the normal curve, but virtually none with any other curve. Let us assume that we have recorded the 1000 ages and computed the mean and standard deviation of these ages. Assuming the mean age came out as 40 years and the standard deviation as 6 years we can do the following predictions. Chebyshev’s Theorem In the case of a scatter diagram that seems to be anything but a normal curve, all we can go by is Chebyshev’s theorem. This very important but rarely used theorem states that in those cases where we have a non-normal distribution, the following can be said abut the individual data, which in this case are the ages: †¢ At least 75% of all the ages will lie in the range of [pic]. In our case this means that at least 75% of the people will have an age in the range of [pic] years which simplifies to a range of 28 to 52 years. †¢ At least 88. 9% of all the ages will lie in the range of [pic]. In our case this means that at least 88. 9% of the people will have an age in the range of [pic] years which simplifies to a range of 22 to 58 years. †¢ At least 93. 75% of all the ages will lie in the range of [pic]. In our case this means that at least 93. 75% of the people will have an age in the range of [pic] years which simplifies to a range of 16 to 64 years. †¢ At least 96% of all the ages will lie in the range of [pic]. In our case this means that at least 96% of the people will have an age in the range of [pic] years which simplifies to a range of 10 to 70 years. At least 97. 2% of all the ages will lie in the range of [pic]. In our case this means that at least 97. 2% of the people will have an age in the range of [pic] years which simplifies to a range of 4 to 76 years. How can we calculate these percentages? To calculate the 75%, the 88. 9%, the 93. 75%, etc, we look at the number of standard deviations in the respective intervals. The 75% goes together with me an  ± 1 standard deviation, the 88. 9% with mean  ± 2 standard deviations, the 93. 75% with mean  ± 3 standard deviations, and the 96% with mean  ± 4 standard deviations. In general you can say that the percentage of people with an age in the range of mean  ± k standard deviations can be found by calculating the value of the quantity [pic] and then converting that into a percentage. Summarizing the above we get the following table: |Interval |k |[pic] |% | |[pic] |2 |[pic] |75 | |[pic] |3 |[pic] |88. 9 | |[pic] |4 |[pic] |93. 75 | |[pic] |5 |[pic] |96 | [pic] |6 |[pic] |97. 2 | Do we have to restrict ourselves to whole numbers as values for k? No, we may take any value for k as long as it larger than 1. For instance, for k = 2. 5 we get the result that [pic] in the interval [pic] years Example 1: Students Who Care is a student volunteer program in which college students donate work time in community centers for homeless people. Professor Gill is the faculty sponsor for this student volunteer program. For several years Dr. Gill has kept a record of the total number of work hours volunteered by s student in the program each semester. For students in the program, for each semester the mean number of hours was 29. 1 hours with a standard deviation of 1. 7 hours. Find an interval for the number of hours volunteered in which at least 88. 9% of the students in this program would fit. Solution: From the table above we see that a percentage of 88. 9 will coincide with an interval of [pic] hours. This can be rewritten as an interval from 24 to 34. 2 hours volunteered each semester. Example 2: The East Coast Independent News periodically runs ads in its own classified section offering a month’s free subscription to those who respond. This way management can get a sense about the number of subscribers who read the classified section each day. Careful records have been kept over a period of 2 years. The mean number of responses was 525 with a standard deviation of 30. What is the smallest percentage of responses in the interval between 375 and 675? Solution: The difference between the mean of 525 and the upper limit of this interval is 150. This is 5 standard deviations since[pic]. The same is true for the difference between the mean and the lower limit of this interval. According to the table above this coincides with 96%. The Empirical Rule When the data values seem to have a normal distribution, or approximately so, we can use a much easier theorem than Chebyshev’s. The empirical rule states that in cases where the distribution is normal, the following statements are true: †¢ Approximately 68% of the data values will fall within 1 standard deviation of the mean. †¢ Approximately 95% of the data values will fall within 2 standard deviations of the mean. Approximately 99. 7% of the data values will fall within 3 standard deviations of the mean. Example 3: The average salary for graduates entering the actuarial field is $60,000. If the salaries are normally distributed with a standard deviation of $5000, then what percentage of the graduates will have a salary between $50,000 and $70,000? Solution: Both $50,000 and $70,000 are $10,000 away from the mean of $60,000. This is two standard deviations away from the mean, so 95% of the graduates will have a salary in this interval. [pic] Age No of people [pic]

Using Secondary Essay Samples

Using Secondary Essay SamplesSecondary school students, many of whom do not even have a high school diploma, need to write a powerful secondary school essay to convince admissions officers that they are capable of performing well in the subject area. In fact, many of these students will have little prior knowledge about the subject at hand and therefore should consider using secondary school essay samples as a guide. Students can also use these samples to develop their own essay writing style.Nearly all high school students are taught how to organize their thoughts and express themselves in concise, clear sentences and paragraphs. However, few secondary school students know much about grammar or punctuation. Moreover, while many elementary students are required to write essays to compete for entrance into the local college or university, many middle school students attend a junior high school where these things are not the prime focus. High school students have to earn their way to a place in high school, and therefore must put together persuasive essays.Since so many secondary students suffer from learning disabilities and attention deficit disorder, they will be especially receptive to using secondary essay samples to help them write powerful essays. Teachers also realize that their students will not have time to read lengthy essays before they begin writing them. Therefore, they will be more apt to select essays that will be short and to the point.Secondary essay writing is not an easy task. Many students feel that it takes far too much time to write a good essay. In reality, writing a strong essay can be done with a little practice. If you are seriously considering using a secondary essay sample, the best time to start would be before you turn in your essay.Because some teachers have a difficult time grading essays, those students who are well versed in elementary composition and grammar may be better off writing their essays as secondaries. This will allow them to experiment with a different style of writing. Additionally, it will give them a chance to improve their writing skills.If you are an aspiring writer, it is essential that you read and study the content of your essay carefully. Many students focus far too much on spelling and grammar when writing, but miss the most important aspect of writing: communication. Therefore, it is important that you communicate clearly and powerfully to your readers, in order to persuade them to accept the idea you are presenting.There are many websites that provide secondary essay samples for you to peruse. On these sites, you will find sample essays that have been written by both students and professional writers. Many of these essays are very effective and will prove useful to you as you compose your own essay.Writing should be an enjoyable experience. It is important that you select a sample essay that you enjoy writing in order to avoid writing something that will bore you. Reading secondary essay samples is the best way to understand the style and format that students prefer.

Beautiful Blueberries Essays - English-language Films, Films

Beautiful Blueberries Christopher McCandless' last journal entry before dying of starvation in the Alaska bush was simply the words Beautiful Blueberries. Over the previous two years he bought a secondhand canoe on impulse and paddled to Mexico. Then he lived on the streets of Los Angeles with vagrants, camped in the Arizona dessert with hippies, tramped through almost every western state, occasionally holding odd jobs. He also lived completely off the land in the Alaskan backcountry. McCandless' epic journey separated him from his parents and peers, a world of security and material excess, and a world in which he felt grievously cut off from the raw throb of existence. It was a journey that would have been a complete waste if it weren't for Jon Krakauer's book entitled Into the Wild. A lot of people believe that McCandless was an idiot. He was simply one more dreamy half-caulked greenhorn who went into the country expecting to find answers to all his problems and instead found only mosquitoes and a lonely death. Some people blamed Krakauer, in the magazine article that preceded the book, for glorifying a foolish, pointless death. But the beauty of Krakauer's writing is that he doesn't glorify Chris McCandless' life or even try to hide his personal weaknesses. Instead, that which becomes evident is a vivid portrait of McCandless' journeys and an examination of why people are attracted to high-risk activities. Krakauer begins the book with Chris McCandless hiking into the Alaskan wilderness to his ensuing death. He does not return to this scene until the next to last chapter, effectively forcing the reader to see McCandless as more than an unprepared misfit who deserved to die because of the risks he took. We learn of his adventures tramping around the continent, discern how McCandless differs from people whom he had been favorably compared to in the outdoors community, learn of his family and upbringing, and we are told of a similar adventure in Alaska which almost claimed the authors life. Only then are we returned to the morbid Alaskan scene and the controversies surrounding McCandless' death. Krakauer succeeds in writing a powerful book because we become attached to McCandless' dream and sympathize to a greater degree with his desire to undertake what he labeled as the ultimate challenge. There are some unconventional aspects of the book, which turn it into something greater than a story of Chris McCandless. These are the way in which Krakauer goes about examining Chris McCandless through his own life, through others who have a similar desire for adventure, and through an examination of the novels he read. Into the Wild is not a fluff story about a misdirected youth; it has themes to which anyone who has ever dreamed of undertaking their own adventure, however large or small, can relate and gain insight. Overall Krakauer believes Chris McCandless wasn't that different from anyone else who liked adventure. Throughout the book there is an underlying battle against McCandless' critics by trying to justify the journey. Krakauer confesses that after writing a magazine article on McCandless he remained haunted by the particulars of the boy's starvation and by vague, unsettling parallels between events in his life and those in my own. Unwilling to let McCandless go, Krakauer spent more than a year retracing the convoluted path that led to his death in the Alaska bush, chasing down the details with an interest that bordered on obsession until he finished writing the book. In this fierce passion, Krakauer is not only telling of McCandless' life but his own, and in the process trying to make a world of critics understand why he, McCandless, and countless others are drawn to a life of potentially suicidal adventure. This passion draws the reader in, spins them around and spits them back out int o the world with a different perception of life. This passion makes Into the Wild an amazing book.